Appel Reaction

Appel Reaction

The Appel reaction allows the conversion of an alcohol into the corresponding alkyl chloride under mild conditions by the reaction of triphenylphosphine and tetrachloromethane with the alcohol. With primary and secondary alcohols, the halide reacts in a SN2 fashion,...
Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Reaction

Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Reaction

The Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reaction allows the stereoselective olefination of aldehydes and ketones using stabilized phosphonate carbanions. The reaction favors the formation of (E)-alkenes. The Still-Gennari conditions (see example 2 and example 7) allow the...
Mukaiyama Hydration

Mukaiyama Hydration

FollowFollowFollow Mukaiyama Hydration The Mukaiyama hydration allows the transformation of an olefin to the corresponding alcohol with Markovnikov selectivity. General features: 1. The use of a silane reductant allows for this reaction to be carried out without heat....
Nicholas Reaction

Nicholas Reaction

FollowFollowFollow Nicholas Reaction The Nicholas reaction allows the conversion of propargylic alcohols to the corresponding substituted alkynes by the reaction with a nucleophile in the presence of dicobalt octacarbonyl and a Lewis acid. Nicholas Reaction Reaction...
Wacker Oxidation

Wacker Oxidation

FollowFollowFollow Wacker Oxidation The Wacker-Tsuji oxidation is the one-pot oxidation of olefins to the corresponding ketones with catalytic amounts of Pd(II) salts. Wacker Oxidation Reaction Mechanism 1. Coordination of the alkene. 2. Attack of the coordinated...
Roush Asymmetric Allylation

Roush Asymmetric Allylation

FollowFollowFollow Roush Asymmetric Allylation The Roush asymmetric allylation allows the enantioselective synthesis of homoallylic alcohols from the reaction of allylboronates with aldehydes. General features: 1. The preparation of allylboronates may be achieved by...